IMP FULL FORMS:- HELPFUL FOR EXAM

IMP FULL FORMS:- HELPFUL FOR EXAM
 

1. A.M. — Ante meridian
2. P.M. — Post meridian
3. B. A. — Bachelor of Arts
4. M. A. — Master of Arts
5. B. Sc. — Bachelor of Science
6. M. Sc. — Master of Science
7. B. Sc. Ag. — Bachelor of Science in Agriculture
8. M. Sc. Ag. — Master of Science in Agriculture
9. M. B. B. S. — Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery
10. M. D. — Doctor of Medicine
11. M. S. — Master of Surgery
12. Ph. D. / D. Phil. — Doctor of Philosophy (Arts & Science)
13. D. Litt./Lit. — Doctor of Literature / Doctor of Letters
14. D. Sc. — Doctor of Science
15. B. Com. — Bachelor of Commerce
16. M. Com. — Master of Commerce
17. Dr. — Doctor
18. B. P. — Blood Pressure
19. Mr. — Mister
20. Mrs. — Mistress
21. M.S. — miss (used for female married & unmarried)
22. Miss — used before unmarried girls)
23. M. P. — Member of Parliament
24. M. L. A. — Member of Legislative Assembly
25. M. L. C. — Member of Legislative Council
26. P. M. — Prime Minister
27. C. M. — Chief Minister
28. C-in-C — Commander-In-Chief
29. L. D. C. — Lower Division Clerk
30. U. D. C. — Upper Division Clerk
31. Lt. Gov. — Lieutenant Governor
32. D. M. — District Magistrate
33. V. I. P. — Very Important Person
34. I. T. O. — Income Tax Officer
35. C. I. D. — Criminal Investigation Department
36. C/o — Care of
37. S/o — Son of
38. C. B. I. — Central Bureau of Investigation
39. G. P. O. — General Post Office
40. H. Q. — Head Quarters
41. E. O. E. — Errors and Omissions Excepted
42. Kg. — Kilogram
43. Kw. — Kilowatts
44. Gm. — Gram
45. Km. — Kilometer
46. Ltd. — Limited
47. M. P. H. — Miles Per Hour
48. KM. P. H. — Kilometre Per Hour
49. P. T. O. — Please Turn Over
50. P. W. D. — Public Works Department
51. C. P. W. D. — Central Public Works Department
52. U. S. A. — United States of America
53. U. K. — United Kingdom (England)
54. U. P. — Uttar Pradesh
55. M. P. — Madhya Pradesh
56. H. P. — Himachal Pradesh
57. U. N. O. — United Nations Organization
58. W. H. O. — World Health Organization
59. B. B. C. — British Broadcasting Corporation
60. B. C. — Before Christ
61. A. C. — Air Conditioned
62. I. G. — Inspector General (of Police)
63. D. I. G. — Deputy Inspector General (of Police)
64. S. S. P. — Senior Superintendent of Police
65. D. S. P. — Deputy Superintendent of Police
66. S. D. M. — Sub-Divisional Magistrate
67. S. M. — Station Master
68. A. S. M. — Assistant Station Master
69. V. C. — Vice-Chancellor
70. A. G. — Accountant General
71. C. R. — Confidential Report
72. I. A. S. — Indian Administrative Service
73. I. P. S. — Indian Police Service
74. I. F. S. — Indian Foreign Service or Indian
75. Forest Service
76. I. R. S. — Indian Revenue Service
77. P. C. S. — Provincial Civil Service
78. M. E. S. — Military Engineering Service

Software and software engineering

Software and software engineering

=> The Nature of Software
=> Unique Nature of WebApps
=> Software Engineering
=> Software Engineering Practice and Principles

The Nature of Software

ž  Today, software takes on a dual role. It is a product, and at the same time, the vehicle for delivering a product.

ž  As a product it delivers the computing potential embodied by computer hardware or more broadly, by a network of computers that are accessible by local hardware.

ž  As the vehicle used to deliver the product, software acts as the basis for the control of the computer (operating systems), the communication of information( networks), and the creation and control of other programs( software tools and environments)

Software Characteristics

ž  Software is developed or engineered, it is not manufactured in the classical sense.

ž  Software doesn’t “Wear Out”. 

ž  Although the industry is moving toward component-based construction, most software continues to be custom built.

Software Application Domain

ž> System Software 
> Application Software 
> Engineering / Scientific Software 
> Embedded Software 
> Product-line Software 
> Web Applications 
> Artificial Intelligence Software 
> Open-World Computing 
> Net Sourcing 
> Open Source 
> Legacy Software: Developed decades ago. Many systems remain supportive to core business functions but, some may be of poor quality should be broken and does not need to be fixed.

The Unique Nature of WebApps

> Network Intensiveness 
> Concurrency 
> Unpredictable Load 
> Performance 
> Availability 
> Data Driven 
> Content Sensitive 
> Continuous Evolution 
> Immediacy 
> Security 
> Aesthetics (Beauty)

Software Engineering

ž  Definition: The application of a systematic, disciplined, quantified approach to the development, operation and maintenance of software and the study of all these approaches.

ž  Software engineering is a layered technology.

The Software Process

ž  A process is a collection of activities, actions and tasks that are performed when some work product is to be created.

ž  A Generic process framework for software engineering encompasses five activities.

> Communication 
> Planning 
> Modeling 
> Construction 
> Deployment 
> Umbrella Activities: Software Project Tracking and Control, Risk Management, Software Quality Assurance, Technical Reviews, Measurements, Software Configuration Management, Reusability Management, Work Product preparation and Production.

Software Engineering Practice and Principles

>  The Essence of Practice: 
> Understand the Problem (Communication and Analysis) 
> Plan a Solution (Modeling and Software Design) 
> Carry out the plan (Code Generation) 
> Examine the result for accuracy (Testing and Quality Assurance) 
> General Principles: 
> The reason it all exists: (To provide value to its users) 
> KISS (Keep It Simple, Stupid!!!) 
> Maintain the Vision\ 
> What you produce, Others will Consume 
> Be Open to the Future. 
> Plan Ahead for Reuse 
> Think